तुरीवरील किडींचे एकात्मिक नियंत्रण व्यवस्थापन


Jobmarathi | Agri

Integrated Insect Control Management Jobmarathi | Agri एका Integrated Insect Control Management At present, depending on the stage of the crop, various insects are prevalent. Timely measures can prevent crop damage. Their information is as follows. Leaf and flower netting larvae Insect name - Maruka or spotted pod larvae Life cycle- Adult female moth yellowish in color. The ovate eggs lay in clusters, preferably on the tops of trees. Larvae 14 mm. Of length. Greenish white with black spots on both sides. Larval stage 12 to 14 days. Kite stage 6 to 7. Life cycle of insects 26 to 31 Damage Exposure to high humidity and moderate temperature during flowering period (adaptability September to October) -The larvae form a bunch of leaves, flowers, buds and pods and hide in it. The growth of the stem is stunted due to sticking of leaves and stems to each other. The flowers look pale and the pods do not grow. Production may decline by five to 25 per cent. Peanut larvae Perennial insects. Outbreak on about 200 crops (tur, cotton, okra, tomato, soybean, gram etc.) Life cycle- Eggs, larvae, cocoons and moths. The larvae are greenish yellow in color. Rare parallel lines on the limbs. Full grown larvae 4 cm. Long Seven to nine generations are formed in a year. -The female lays an average of 800 eggs on the leaves, stalks or buds, flowers and pods. The larvae hatch after four to seven days. After 14 to 16 days of full growth, they are deposited in the soil near the trunk of the tree. The moths come out of the cocoon. Life cycle is completed in 4 to 5 weeks. Damage The first and second stage larvae feed on the leaves of the trumpet. When the crop flowers, it feeds on buds. - Peanuts are pierced and eaten half by keeping the body half outside and half inside. Large larvae feed on seeds. It completes the larval stage by damaging 30 to 40 pods per larva. Increased incidence in cloudy weather can increase crop damage by 25 to 70 per cent. Control Mechanical methods Infected leaves of leaf-rolling larvae should be collected and destroyed along with the larvae. Alternative edible weeds of legume larvae on field bunds e.g. Coal, Ranbhendi, Petari should be removed and destroyed from time to time. From the time of flowering, 2 Kamgandh traps and 2 Narsale traps per acre should be planted at a height of one foot. So that the level of economic loss of legume larvae and larvae is known. Large larvae on trumpets should be removed and destroyed if possible. Put the bags under the trumpet tree and move the tree lightly. The larvae lying on the sacks should be collected and destroyed. Bird stops should be set up at one to two feet height of the crop at 50 to 60 places per hectare. Biological methods Preventive measures as soon as flowering starts: Apply 5% neem extract or azadirachtin (300 ppm) 50 ml. Spray per 10 liters of water. The second spray - when the green larvae in the pods are in the first and second stage - HANPV. Virus - 5 ml per 10 liters of water. - Spray in the evening. These virulent pesticides enter the stomach through food and cause the growth of toxins in the body of the larva. Therefore, the larvae die in 5-7 days. Chemical method: If the number of insects goes above the level of economic loss Peanut larvae Spray per 10 liters of water Imamectin benzoate (5sg) 4.4 g or flubendamide - (39.35 sc) 2 ml Or chlorantraniliprole (18.5 sc) 3 ml or lambda cyhalothrin (5% EC) - 8 ml Maruka and legume poaching larvae - Indoxacarb (15.8 EC) - 6.66 ml Level of financial loss Leguminous larvae (Ghate larvae) - 8 to 10 moths per trap in Kamagandh trap for 2 to 3 days in a row or 1 larvae per tree during flowering or after flowering Maruka and spotted pods larvae - 1-2 larvae per tree Important tips When the crop is in 50% flowering, spray with organic pesticide. In the first and second stage, the legume larvae should be controlled. Use gloves and face mask while spraying. The amount of pesticide is for the Knapsack pump.


🐛 तुरीवरील किडींचे एकात्मिक नियंत्रण व्यवस्थापन

सध्याच्या काळात तूर पिकाच्या अवस्थेनुसार विविध किडींचा प्रादुर्भाव होतो. वेळीच उपाय केल्यास पिकाचे होणारे नुकसान टाळणे शक्य होते. त्यांची माहिती पुढीलप्रमाणे.


पाने व फुले जाळी करणारी अळी

किडीचे नाव- मारूका वा ठिपक्याची शेंगा पोखरणारी अळी

जीवनक्रम- प्रौढ मादी पतंग पिवळसर रंगाची. उभट आकाराची अंडी पुंजक्यात शक्यतो झाडाच्या शेंड्यावर घालते.

अळी १४ मिमी. लांबीची. हिरवट पांढरी व दोन्ही बाजूस काळे ठिपके. अळी अवस्था १२ ते १४ दिवस.

पतंग अवस्था ६ ते ७. किडीचा जीवनक्रम २६ ते ३१

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हे भर्ती पन पहा👇
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नुकसान

पीक फुलोऱ्यात येण्याच्या कालावधीत जास्त आर्द्रता व मध्यम तापमानात प्रादुर्भाव (अनुकूलता सप्टेंबर ते ऑक्टोबर)

-अळी पाने, फुले, कळ्या व शेंगा यांचा एकत्र गुच्छ तयार करून त्यात लपून बसते. कोवळे शेंडे, पाने एकमेकांना चिकटल्याने खोडाची वाढ खुंटते. तेथील फुले निस्तेज दिसतात व शेंगांची वाढ होत नाही. पाच ते २५ टक्क्यांपर्यंत उत्पादनात घट होऊ शकते.


शेंगा पोखरणारी अळी

बहुभक्षी कीड. सुमारे २०० पिकांवर (तूर, कापूस, भेंडी, टोमॅटो, सोयाबीन, हरभरा आदी) पिकांवर प्रादुर्भाव

जीवनक्रम- अंडी, अळी, कोष व पतंग.

अळी रंगाने हिरवट पिवळसर. अंगावर तुरळक समांतर रेषा. पूर्ण वाढ झालेली अळी ४ सेंमी. लांब

वर्षातून सात ते ९ पिढ्या तयार होतात.

-मादी सरासरी ८०० अंडी कोवळी पाने, देठे किंवा कळ्या, फुले, शेंगांवर घालते.

चार ते सात दिवसांनी अंड्यातून अळ्या बाहेर पडतात. १४ ते १६ दिवसांपर्यंत पूर्ण वाढ होवुन त्या झाडाच्या बुंध्याजवळ जमिनीत मातीच्या वेष्टनात कोषावस्थेत जातात. कोषातून पतंग बाहेर पडतात. जीवनक्रम ४ ते ५ आठवड्यांत पूर्ण होतो.


नुकसान

प्रथम व द्वितीय अवस्थेतील अळ्या तुरीची कोवळी पाने खातात. पीक फुलोऱ्यात आल्यावर कळ्यांवर उपजीविका करतात. -- शेंगांना छिद्र पाडून अर्धे शरीर बाहेर व अर्धे आत ठेवून दाणे खाते. मोठया अळ्या दाणे पोखरून खातात.

प्रति अळी ३० ते ४० शेंगांना नुकसान पोचवून अळी अवस्था पूर्ण करते. ढगाळ वातावरणात संख्या वाढून जास्त प्रादुर्भाव असल्यास २५ ते ७० टक्क्यापर्यंत पिकाचे नुकसान होऊ शकते.

नियंत्रण


यांत्रिक पद्धती

पाने गुंडाळणाऱ्या अळीची प्रादुर्भावग्रस्त पाने गोळा करून अळीसह नष्ट करावीत.

शेताच्या बांधावरील शेंगा पोखरणाऱ्या अळीची पर्यायी खाद्य तणे उदा. कोळशी, रानभेंडी, पेटारी वेळोवेळी काढून नष्ट करावीत.

कळी लागण्याच्या अवस्थेत आल्यापासून एकरी २ कामगंध सापळे व २ नरसाळे सापळे पिकाच्या एक फूट उंचीवर लावावेत. जेणेकरून शेंगा पोखरणारी अळी व मारूकाची आर्थिक नुकसानीची पातळी कळेल.

शक्य असल्यास तुरीवरील मोठया अळ्या वेचून नष्ट कराव्यात.

तुरीच्या झाडाखाली पोते टाकून हलकेसे झाड हलवावे. पोत्यावर पडलेल्या अळ्या गोळा करून नष्ट कराव्यात.

पक्षी बसण्यासाठी पिकाच्या एक ते दोन फूट उंचीवर पक्षी थांबे हेक्टरी ५० ते ६० ठिकाणी उभारावेत.


जैविक पद्धती

फूलकळी येऊ लागताच प्रतिबंधात्मक उपाय- ५ टक्के निंबोळी अर्क किंवा ॲझाडिरॅक्टिन (३०० पीपीएम) ५० मि.ली. प्रति १० लिटर पाण्यातून फवारणी.

दुसरी फवारणी- शेंगा पोखरणारी हिरवी अळी प्रथम व द्वितीय अवस्थेत असताना- एच.ए.एन.पी.व्ही. विषाणू- ५ मिली प्रति १० लिटर पाणी. - फवारणी सायंकाळी करावी. हे विषाणूजन्य कीटकनाशक अन्नाद्वारे पोटात जाऊन अळीच्या शरीरात विषाणूंची वाढ होते. त्यामुळे अळ्या ५-७ दिवसांत मरतात.


रासायनिक पध्दत :

किडींची संख्या आर्थिक नुकसान पातळीच्या वर जात असल्यास

 शेंगा पोखरणारी अळी


फवारणी प्रति १० लिटर पाणी

इमामेक्टीन बेन्झोएट (५ एसजी) ४.४ ग्रॅम किंवा फ्ल्यूबेंडिअमाईड -(३९.३५ एससी) २ मिली

किंवा क्लोरॲंट्रानिलीप्रोल (१८.५ एससी) ३ मिली किंवा लॅंबडा सायहॅलोथ्रीन (५ टक्के इसी)- ८ मि.ली

मारूका व शेंगा पोखरणारी अळी- इंडोक्झाकार्ब (१५.८ इसी)- ६.६६ मि.ली

आर्थिक नुकसानीची पातळी


शेंगा पोखरणारी अळी (घाटे अळी)- कामगंध सापळ्यात सलग २ ते ३ दिवस ८ ते १० पतंग प्रति सापळा किंवा फुलोऱ्याच्या वेळी अथवा फुलोऱ्यानंतर १ अळी प्रति झाड किंवा १० टक्के कीडग्रस्त शेंगा


मारूका व ठिपक्याची शेंगा पोखरणारी अळी- १-२ अळ्या प्रति झाड


महत्त्वाच्या टिप्स

पीक ५० टक्के फुलोऱ्यात असताना जैविक कीटकनाशकाची फवारणी करावी.

प्रथम व द्वितीय अवस्थेतच शेंगा पोखरणाऱ्या अळीचे नियंत्रण करावे.

फवारणी करताना हातमोजे व तोंडावर मास्कचा वापर करावा.

कीटकनाशकांचे प्रमाण नॅपसॅक पंपासाठी आहे.



-------Englsh--------

Integrated Insect Control Management



Jobmarathi | Agri



एका Integrated Insect Control Management


At present, depending on the stage of the crop, various insects are prevalent. Timely measures can prevent crop damage. Their information is as follows.




Leaf and flower netting larvae


Insect name - Maruka or spotted pod larvae


Life cycle- Adult female moth yellowish in color. The ovate eggs lay in clusters, preferably on the tops of trees.


Larvae 14 mm. Of length. Greenish white with black spots on both sides. Larval stage 12 to 14 days.


Kite stage 6 to 7. Life cycle of insects 26 to 31




Damage


Exposure to high humidity and moderate temperature during flowering period (adaptability September to October)


-The larvae form a bunch of leaves, flowers, buds and pods and hide in it. The growth of the stem is stunted due to sticking of leaves and stems to each other. The flowers look pale and the pods do not grow. Production may decline by five to 25 per cent.




Peanut larvae


Perennial insects. Outbreak on about 200 crops (tur, cotton, okra, tomato, soybean, gram etc.)


Life cycle- Eggs, larvae, cocoons and moths.


The larvae are greenish yellow in color. Rare parallel lines on the limbs. Full grown larvae 4 cm. Long


Seven to nine generations are formed in a year.


-The female lays an average of 800 eggs on the leaves, stalks or buds, flowers and pods.


The larvae hatch after four to seven days. After 14 to 16 days of full growth, they are deposited in the soil near the trunk of the tree. The moths come out of the cocoon. Life cycle is completed in 4 to 5 weeks.




Damage


The first and second stage larvae feed on the leaves of the trumpet. When the crop flowers, it feeds on buds. - Peanuts are pierced and eaten half by keeping the body half outside and half inside. Large larvae feed on seeds.


It completes the larval stage by damaging 30 to 40 pods per larva. Increased incidence in cloudy weather can increase crop damage by 25 to 70 per cent.


Control



Mechanical methods


Infected leaves of leaf-rolling larvae should be collected and destroyed along with the larvae.


Alternative edible weeds of legume larvae on field bunds e.g. Coal, Ranbhendi, Petari should be removed and destroyed from time to time.


From the time of flowering, 2 Kamgandh traps and 2 Narsale traps per acre should be planted at a height of one foot. So that the level of economic loss of legume larvae and larvae is known.


Large larvae on trumpets should be removed and destroyed if possible.


Put the bags under the trumpet tree and move the tree lightly. The larvae lying on the sacks should be collected and destroyed.


Bird stops should be set up at one to two feet height of the crop at 50 to 60 places per hectare.




Biological methods


Preventive measures as soon as flowering starts: Apply 5% neem extract or azadirachtin (300 ppm) 50 ml. Spray per 10 liters of water.


The second spray - when the green larvae in the pods are in the first and second stage - HANPV. Virus - 5 ml per 10 liters of water. - Spray in the evening. These virulent pesticides enter the stomach through food and cause the growth of toxins in the body of the larva. Therefore, the larvae die in 5-7 days.




Chemical method:


If the number of insects goes above the level of economic loss


 Peanut larvae




Spray per 10 liters of water


Imamectin benzoate (5sg) 4.4 g or flubendamide - (39.35 sc) 2 ml


Or chlorantraniliprole (18.5 sc) 3 ml or lambda cyhalothrin (5% EC) - 8 ml


Maruka and legume poaching larvae - Indoxacarb (15.8 EC) - 6.66 ml


Level of financial loss




Leguminous larvae (Ghate larvae) - 8 to 10 moths per trap in Kamagandh trap for 2 to 3 days in a row or 1 larvae per tree during flowering or after flowering


Maruka and spotted pods larvae - 1-2 larvae per tree




Important tips


When the crop is in 50% flowering, spray with organic pesticide.


In the first and second stage, the legume larvae should be controlled.


Use gloves and face mask while spraying.


The amount of pesticide is for the Knapsack pump.